The economical CNC lathe is composed of a common lathe equipped with a CNC system, a stepping motor and a four position tool rest. The main motor is a two speed motor, and the high and low speed gears of the motor are changed by the CNC command; Mechanical gears have two single sliding gears and three double sliding gears, each capable of shifting gears, to manually shift the spindle speed.

In order to facilitate the use of both manual and CNC operation methods, the original manual operation part has been retained. The CNC system adopts a CNC system, which completes the motion control of the large and middle drag plates and the automatic tool change action of the tool holder.

As an economical CNC lathe, it is not appropriate to make major changes to the machine tool in the automatic transmission improvement of the spindle. Therefore, we did not make major modifications to the spindle box of the machine tool, but only designed and installed a spindle speed change module and an electronic control module, and the machine tool can retain the original speed change handle part for easy selection and use in applications.

The automatic speed change system of the main shaft is hydraulically driven. The pressure oil output from the gear oil pump is set by the overflow valve and displayed by the pressure gauge. The throttle valve can be used to adjust the moving speed of the speed change cylinder. The three position gear is controlled by the oil cylinder for variable speed movement. When the electromagnetic iron is energized, the left and right chambers of the oil cylinder simultaneously feed oil to make the piston in the oil cylinder in the right position, and the piston rod in the right position, thus making the three position gear in the middle position.