Maintenance and upkeep of spindle components
The spindle component is an important component in the mechanical part of CNC machine tools, mainly composed of the spindle, bearings, spindle stop device, automatic clamping and chip removal device. The lubrication, cooling, and sealing of the spindle components of CNC machine tools are several issues that deserve attention during the use and maintenance of machine tools.
Firstly, good lubrication effect can reduce the working temperature of bearings and extend their service life; Therefore, it should be noted during operation and use: at low speeds, use grease and oil circulation lubrication; Oil mist and oil air lubrication are used at high speeds. However, when using grease lubrication, the sealing amount of the main shaft bearing is usually 10% of the bearing space volume. It is important not to fill it up arbitrarily, as excessive grease can exacerbate the heating of the main shaft. For oil circulation lubrication, it is necessary to check the constant temperature oil tank of the spindle lubrication every day during operation and use to see if the oil level is sufficient. If the oil level is insufficient, lubricating oil should be added in a timely manner; At the same time, pay attention to checking whether the temperature range of the lubricating oil is appropriate.
Secondly, the cooling of the spindle components is mainly focused on reducing bearing heating and effectively controlling heat sources.
Third, the sealing of the main shaft components should not only prevent dust, chips and Cutting fluid from entering the main shaft components, but also prevent the leakage of lubricating oil. The sealing of spindle components includes contact and non-contact sealing. For contact seals using oil felt rings and oil resistant rubber sealing rings, attention should be paid to checking for aging and damage; For non-contact seals, in order to prevent leakage, it is important to ensure that the return oil can be drained as soon as possible and that the return oil hole is unobstructed.
Maintenance and upkeep of feed transmission mechanism
The mechanical and electrical components of the feed transmission mechanism mainly include servo motors and detection components, reduction mechanisms, ball screw nut pairs, screw bearings, and moving components (workbench, spindle box, column, etc.). This mainly explains the maintenance and upkeep of the ball screw nut pair.
The daily inspection of the sealing and lubrication of the ball screw nut pair is a problem that we should pay attention to during operation and use. For the sealing of the screw nut, it is necessary to pay attention to checking the sealing ring and protective sleeve to prevent dust and impurities from entering the ball screw nut pair. For the lubrication of the screw nut, if grease is used, it should be lubricated regularly; If lubricating oil is used, attention should be paid to frequently injecting oil through the oil injection hole.
Maintenance and upkeep of machine tool guide rails
The maintenance and upkeep of machine tool guide rails mainly involves lubrication and protection of the guide rails.
(1) Lubrication of guide rails
The purpose of guide rail lubrication is to reduce frictional resistance and wear, in order to avoid low-speed crawling and reduce temperature rise at high temperatures. Therefore, the lubrication of the guide rail is very important. The oil lubrication of the guide rail generally adopts automatic lubrication. We should pay attention to checking the diverter valve in the automatic lubrication system during operation and use. If it fails, it may cause the guide rail to not automatically lubricate. In addition, it is necessary to check the oil level in the lubricating oil tank of the guide rail every day. If the oil level is insufficient, lubricating oil should be added in a timely manner; At the same time, attention should be paid to checking whether the lubricating oil pump can start and stop at a fixed time, and whether lubricating oil can be provided when starting at a fixed time.
(2) Protection of guide rails
Pay attention to prevent chips, abrasive particles or Cutting fluid from scattering on the guide rail surface during operation, otherwise the guide rail will be worn, scratched and rusted. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the daily inspection of the guide rail protection device to ensure the protection of the guide rail.
Maintenance and upkeep of the rotary workbench
The circular feed motion of CNC machine tools is generally achieved by a rotary table, which has become an indispensable component for machining centers. Therefore, it is important to strictly follow the instructions and operating procedures of the rotary workbench during operation and use. Pay special attention to the lubrication of the transmission mechanism and guide rail of the rotary workbench.
